KS Research LabAdvanced Engineering & AI
RS-005VALIDATEDPublished on September 17, 2026

Memory-Bounded LRU Caches for Vector Embedding Pipelines

Investigating deterministic cache eviction policies for multi-dimensional float32 embeddings in resource-constrained container environments.

01Problem Statement & Research Question

Core Research Question:Can an intrusive doubly-linked list LRU cache bound vector memory consumption within ±2% of a fixed heap budget?

Embedding vectors (e.g. 768 or 1536 floats per token block) rapidly exhaust serverless memory limits if cached naively without hard byte-size bounds.

02Hypothesis

Tracking exact buffer byte allocations during cache insertion guarantees deterministic eviction before heap garbage collection pauses trigger.

03Architecture & Methodology

Doubly linked list combined with hash map indexing.

Methodology Overview:

Simulated 100,000 embedding retrieval calls with power-law query distributions under a 64MB memory quota.

04Implementation & Experiments

TypeScript LRU with typed ArrayBuffer byte tracking.

05Empirical Findings

  • Maintained 84.6% cache hit ratio under Zipfian distribution while staying strictly within 64MB.
  • Eliminated node out-of-memory crashes under sustained 5,000 req/s loads.

06Known Limitations

  • Does not persist across cold restarts unless backed by an external redis/valkey tier.

07Reproduction & Usage

Reproduction Command:Run embedding cache tests in src/domain/dsa/__tests__/LruCache.test.ts

Embedded in Ask the Lab semantic retrieval pipeline.

RS-005: Memory-Bounded LRU Caches for Vector Embedding Pipelines — KS Research Lab | KS Research Lab